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The most common horizontal-axis wind turbine shape is the 3.5-m (11.5-ft) diameter, 90-degree (Degree) Upwind Pitch-Horizontal (U-P-H) turbine. A larger turbine, such as the 5.0-m (16.4-ft) diameter, 90-degree (Degree) Upwind Pitch-Horizontal (U-P-H) wind turbine, may be more efficient at higher wind speeds but suffers from a larger frontal area and a more pronounced wake behind the turbine. A typical and much smaller (5-kW or less) turbine is the 2.3-m (7.5-ft) diameter, 30-degree (Degree) Upwind Vertical Axis (UVA) wind turbine, which operates at low wind speeds and is good for close to home and community use. Larger turbines are more useful for wind farms because they require a larger land area and can provide a higher annual energy production per unit area, in addition to being more durable, less noisy, and less susceptible to mechanical failure.

A need for reliable, long-term, wind energy forecasting tools has emerged from the Department of Energy's (DOE) Wind Technologies Program (WTN) and the DOE's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The WTN is a 10-year, $200 million-plus federal and private investment program. The WTN funds research to develop wind forecasting tools that will allow for better wind energy forecasts. NREL is the leading source of wind energy research in the world, and its Wind Energy Evaluation & Characterization (WEC) program is the principal generator of wind engineering data and wind resource maps. These programs will provide the national wind community with robust, long-term, wind resource data and forecasting tools, which will be helpful when deciding where to locate wind farms.

Typically, wind energy is only included in federally-funded or state-licensed electrical distribution systems when the transmission line has enough capacity to handle the increased load without generating power at a higher voltage.

Electricity produced from wind is not created; it is produced by the wind. And electricity from coal isn’t created by coal either. Wind and other renewable energy sources like solar can be used to create electricity. 827ec27edc